Frequencies of healthcare usage and number of sick leave days—only considering observations with healthcare use or sick leave days
| Type 2 diabetes | No diabetes | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Ratio* (95% CI) | Adjusted means (95% CI) | Adjusted means (95% CI) | |
| Number of physicians’ visits | |||
| GPs | 1.29† (1.17 to 1.41) | 9.44 (8.65 to 10.31) | 7.35 (7.08 to 7.63) |
| Specialists | 1.45† (1.12 to 1.89) | 5.08 (3.99 to 6.48) | 3.50 (3.18 to 3.84) |
| Others | 1.06 (0.94 to 1.18) | 9.28 (8.32 to 10.34) | 8.78 (8.47 to 9.1) |
| Total | 1.24† (1.14 to 1.36) | 17.30 (15.91 to 18.8) | 13.92 (13.5 to 14.36) |
| Number of hospital days | |||
| Inpatient | 1.30† (1.07 to 1.59) | 14.76 (11.8 to 18.46) | 11.20 (10.22 to 12.27) |
| Outpatient‡ | 0.86 (0.60 to 1.24) | 4.69 (3.38 to 6.49) | 5.44 (4.69 to 6.32) |
| Number of rehabilitation days | |||
| Inpatient‡ | 0.88† (0.81 to 0.95) | 25.33 (23.27 to 27.57) | 28.85 (27.93 to 29.81) |
| Outpatient‡ | 1.03 (0.79 to 1.33) | 25.12 (19.36 to 32.59) | 24.47 (22.33 to 26.81) |
| Inability to work (sick leave days)§ | 2.40† (1.52 to 3.81) | 34.64 (22.05 to 54.44) | 14.41 (13.26 to 15.66) |
GEE models with a γ distribution and a log link based on 9160 observations from 6803 participants.
Models are adjusted for age, sex and educational level and accounted for the repeated measurement structure.
*Exponentiated estimate, non-diabetic participants as reference group.
†Significant at the level of 1%.
‡In total,1909 observations were omitted in the model due to missing information in Age1, Age2.
§Only for observations <65 years with a regular job (n=3637 observations).
GP, general practitioner.