Relationship between having a GPA>75th centile and leptin resistance in Chilean youths after controlling for other health, sociodemographic and educational influences (n=568)
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Hyperleptinaemia | 0.35*** | 0.17 to 0.72 | 0.35*** | 0.17 to 0.73 | 0.42* | 0.19 to 0.89 |
| Overweight | 0.66 | 0.40 to 1.10 | 0.67 | 0.42 to 1.13 | 0.62 | 0.37 to 1.05 |
| Obesity | 0.83 | 0.42 to 1.64 | 0.83 | 0.42 to 1.64 | 0.74 | 0.36 to 1.54 |
| IR | 0.79 | 0.41 to 0.95 | 0.69 | 0.44 to 1.06 | 0.73 | 0.46 to 1.13 |
| Unhealthy diet | (…) | 0.43*** | 0.26 to 0.78 | 0.41*** | 0.24 to 0.75 | |
| Physically inactive | (…) | 1.01 | 0.63 to 1.59 | 1.00 | 0.66 to 1.54 | |
| Male sex | (…) | (…) | 0.43*** | 0.28 to 0.71 | ||
| Maternal education: incomplete HS | (…) | (…) | 1.07 | 0.68 to 1.67 | ||
| Paternal education: incomplete HS | (…) | (…) | 0.57* | 0.35 to 0.93 | ||
| Adult HS | (…) | (…) | 0.35*** | 0.18 to 0.69 | ||
| No Fe supplement (infancy) | (…) | (…) | 0.71 | 0.48 to 1.06 | ||
(…) Non-observed.
Significance level: *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
Hyperleptinaemia defined according to the cut-offs published by Köster-Weber et al.
Overweight: BMI z-score >1 and ≥2 SD; obesity: BMI z-score ≥2 SD.
IR: HOMA-IR 2.6.
Unhealthy diet: diet high in simple carbohydrates and saturated fats.
Physically inactive: scheduled PA≤90 min/week.
Adult HS: education for students who in the past were unable to receive their diploma.
BMI, body mass index; GPA, grade point average; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment of IR; HS, high school; IR, insulin resistance; PA, physical activity.