Prevalence rates of menstrual pain, premenstrual symptoms and induced interference with work, usual activities or relationships with or without stress fracture
| Not at all | Mild | Moderate | Severe | p (Mann- Whitney U test) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Menstrual pain, number (%) | 52 (16.2) | 115 (35.8) | 124 (38.6) | 30 (9.3) | 0.781 |
| 14 (21.2) | 18 (27.3) | 30 (45.5) | 4 (6.1) | ||
| Premenstrual symptoms | |||||
| Depressed mood, number (%) | 189 (58.9) | 85 (26.5) | 33 (10.3) | 14 (4.4) | 0.586 |
| 42 (63.6) | 13 (19.7) | 10 (15.2) | 1 (1.5) | ||
| Anxiety or tension, number (%) | 107 (33.3) | 129 (40.2) | 69 (21.5) | 16 (5.0) | 0.361 |
| 20 (30.3) | 24 (36.4) | 18 (27.3) | 4 (6.1) | ||
| Tearful, number (%) | 183 (57.0) | 94 (29.3) | 29 (9.0) | 15 (4.7) | 0.645 |
| 40 (60.6) | 16 (24.2) | 10 (15.2) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Anger or irritability, no. (%) | 110 (34.3) | 139 (43.3) | 58 (18.1) | 14 (4.4) | 0.686 |
| 29 (43.9) | 17 (25.8) | 18 (27.3) | 2 (3.0) | ||
| Decreased interest in work, home or social activities, number (%) | 216 (67.3) | 69 (21.5) | 29 (9.0) | 7 (2.2) | 0.502 |
| 42 (63.6) | 14 (21.2) | 9 (13.6) | 1 (1.5) | ||
| Difficulty concentrating, number (%) | 129 (40.2) | 150 (46.7) | 37 (11.5) | 5 (1.6) | 0.989 |
| 29 (43.9) | 25 (37.9) | 9 (13.6) | 3 (4.5) | ||
| Fatigue or lack of energy, number (%) | 105 (32.7) | 137 (42.7) | 59 (18.4) | 20 (6.2) | 0.821 |
| 22 (33.3) | 25 (37.9) | 16 (24.2) | 3 (4.5) | ||
| Overeating or food cravings, number (%) | 123 (38.3) | 100 (31.2) | 77 (24.0) | 21 (6.5) | 0.015 |
| 16 (24.2) | 23 (34.8) | 17 (25.8) | 10 (15.2) | ||
| Insomnia or hypersomnia, number (%) | 181 (56.4) | 75 (23.4) | 50 (15.6) | 15 (4.7) | 0.903 |
| 37 (56.1) | 18 (27.3) | 7 (10.6) | 4 (6.1) | ||
| Feeling overwhelmed, number (%) | 231 (72.0) | 67 (20.9) | 18 (5.6) | 4 (1.2) | 0.190 |
| 42 (63.6) | 19 (28.8) | 4 (6.1) | 1 (1.5) | ||
| Physical symptoms, number (%) | 159 (49.5) | 99 (30.8) | 45 (14.0) | 18 (5.6) | 0.008 |
| 24 (36.4) | 18 (27.3) | 16 (24.2) | 8 (12.1) | ||
| Interference with work, usual activities or relationships | |||||
| Work efficiency or productivity, home responsibility, number (%) | 173 (53.9) | 112 (34.9) | 34 (10.6) | 2 (0.6) | 0.878 |
| 34 (51.5) | 26 (39.4) | 6 (9.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Social life activities, number (%) | 275 (85.7) | 29 (9.0) | 11 (3.4) | 6 (1.9) | 0.571 |
| 58 (87.9) | 7 (10.6) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Relationships with coworkers or family, number (%) | 148 (74.0) | 39 (19.5) | 10 (5.0) | 3 (1.5) | 0.200 |
| 75 (67.0) | 28 (25.0) | 8 (7.1) | 1 (0.9) | ||
| Performance in training or competition, number (%) | 197 (61.4) | 87 (27.1) | 31 (9.7) | 6 (1.9) | 0.006 |
| 29 (43.9) | 24 (36.4) | 10 (15.2) | 3 (4.5) | ||
| Severity of PMS/PMDD | No/mild PMS | Moderate-to-severe PMS | PMDD | ||
| 287 (89.4) | 29 (9.0) | 5 (1.6) | 0.251 | ||
| 62 (93.9) | 4 (6.1) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Upper line, stress fracture (−) (n=321); lower line, stress fracture (+) (n=66).
PMDD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder; PMS, premenstrual syndrome.