Table 5

Association between elements of the theory of planned behaviour and educational level (N=3676)

Educational level (%)
Elements of theory of planned behaviourLowestLowerHigherHighestp Value
Attitude towards smoking cessation<0.001
 Most negative (highest score)36.633.335.231.5
 Intermediate38.435.631.334.7
 Least negative (lowest score)25.031.333.533.8
Subjective norms<0.001
 Lowest norm (lowest score)39.726.928.526.8
 Intermediate33.137.836.237.1
 Highest norm (highest score)27.235.335.336.1
Self-efficacy<0.001
 Not at all sure17.112.614.89.9
 Not very sure25.624.125.922.9
 More or less sure34.436.630.633.4
 Fairly sure13.918.617.116.9
 Absolutely sure8.48.211.616.9