Risk factors for moderate or high developmental risk in the 18-month group
| Risk factor N (n)% | Total | High | High/moderate | Low/no | Unadjusted OR (high/moderate vs low/no) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Whole sample | 565 (100) | 29 (5.1% 95% CI; 3.6 to 7.3) | 184 (32.6%; 95% CI 28.8 to 36.6) | 381 (67.4%; 95% CI 63.5 to 71.2) | ||
| Child level | ||||||
| Male gender | 244 | 12 (4.9) | 87 (35.7) | 157 (64.3) | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.9) | 0.1 |
| Low birthweight (<2500 g) | 38 | 4 (10.5) | 20 (52.6) | 18 (47.4) | 2.5 (1.3 to 4.8) | 0.007 |
| Preterm (<37 weeks) | 51 | 7 (13.7) | 25 (49.0) | 26 (51.0) | 2.2 (1.2 to 3.9) | 0.009 |
| SCN/NICU N | 86 | 9 (10.4) | 36 (41.8) | 50 (58.2) | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.6) | 0.04 |
| Parent level | ||||||
| Mother did not complete high school | 81 | 4 (4.9) | 25 (30.9) | 56 (69.1) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.5) | 0.6 |
| Father unemployed at birth | 33 | 2 (6.0) | 13 (39.4) | 20 (60.6) | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.8) | 0.4 |
| Mother nationality | ||||||
| Australia, UK, North America, New Zealand | 255 | 9 (3.5) | 77 (30.2) | 178 (69.8) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| Middle Eastern | 104 | 6 (5.8) | 37 (35.6) | 67 (64.4) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.1) | 0.3 |
| Asian (includes India, Bangladesh) | 122 | 7 (5.7) | 46 (37.7) | 77 (62.3) | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.2) | 0.1 |
| Other | 62 | 5 (8.1) | 16 (25.8) | 46 (74.2) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.5) | 0.5 |
| Family level | ||||||
| English not primary language | 180 | 10 (5.5) | 61 (33.9) | 119 (66.1) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.6) | 0.7 |
| Household annual income at birth <$A25 001 | 60 | 6 (10.0) | 23 (38.3) | 37 (61.7) | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.4) | 0.3 |
| Neighbourhood level | ||||||
| SEIFA lowest decile | 200 | 14 (7.0) | 70 (35.0) | 130 (65.0) | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.7) | 0.3 |
| Composite measures | ||||||
| Perinatal risk | 109 | 10 (9.1) | 44 (40.4) | 65 (59.6) | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.4) | 0.04 |
| Maternal Middle Eastern or Asian nationality | 226 | 13 (5.7) | 83 (36.7) | 143 (63.3) | 1.4 (1.0 to 2.0) | 0.07 |
| Household disadvantage | 134 | 9 (6.7) | 45 (33.6) | 89 (66.4) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.6) | 0.9 |
NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; SCN, special care nursery; SEIFA, Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas.