Participants and their characteristics
| Characteristic | Baseline—birth N=2013 n (%) | 6-month PEDS N=792 n (%) | 12-month PEDS N=649 n (%) | 18-month PEDS N=565 n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child | ||||
| Male gender | 964 (48.0) | 344 (46.5) | 281 (46.1) | 244 (44.9) |
| Low birthweight (<2500 g) | 151 (7.5) | 49 (6.6) | 45 (7.4) | 38 (7.0) |
| Preterm (<37 weeks) | 180 (9) | 57 (7.7) | 57 (9.3) | 51 (9.4) |
| Admitted SCN/NICU | 301 (15) | 102 (13.8) | 94 (15.4) | 86 (15.8) |
| Parents | ||||
| Single parent at time of birth | 157 (9.0) | 62 (8.0) | 42 (6.6) | 34 (6.0) |
| Mother did not complete high school | 316 (18.5) | 110 (14.5) | 90 (14.4) | 81 (14.6) |
| Father unemployed at birth | 109 (6.7) | 37 (5.0) | 39 (6.3) | 33 (6.1) |
| Mother nationality | ||||
| Australia, UK, North America, New Zealand | 933 (46.4) | 355 (48.0) | 300 (49.2) | 255 (47.0) |
| Middle East | 273 (13.6) | 97 (13.1) | 92 (15.0) | 104 (19.1) |
| Asia (includes India, Bangladesh) | 575 (28.6) | 210 (28.4) | 157 (25.8) | 122 (22.5) |
| Other | 231 (11.5) | 78 (10.5) | 61 (10.0) | 62 (11.4) |
| Household | ||||
| Primary language not English at birth | 589 (33.7) | 240 (31.0) | 209 (32.7) | 180 (32.0) |
| Household annual income at birth $A<25 001 | 277 (17.6) | 94 (13.2) | 75 (13.0) | 60 (11.8) |
| Neighbourhood | ||||
| SEIFA decile 1 (most disadvantaged) at baseline | 872 (44.2) | 274 (37.3) | 221 (36.5) | 200 (37.0) |
| Composite measures | ||||
| Perinatal risk | 403 (20.0) | 135 (18.2) | 123 (20.2) | 109 (20.1) |
| Maternal Middle Eastern or Asian Nationality | 848 (42.2) | 307 (41.5) | 249 (40.8) | 226 (41.6) |
| Household disadvantage | 540 (34.1) | 187 (26.3) | 157 (26.8) | 134 (25.8) |
NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; PEDS, Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status; SCN, special care nursery; SEIFA, Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas.