MacGregor (1982) | All patients who entered the trial completed it without any adverse effect. |
Richards (1984) | The study was completed without incident. |
Bulpitt (1985) | The patients were asked about any symptom of indigestion. Three reported of the symptom before being given K supplementation but not afterwards, and one patient in the control group lost this symptom. One patient in each group started to complain of a decrease in appetite at the end of the trial. |
Kaplan (1985) | None of the 16 patients had notable changes in clinical status or symptoms during the 16-week trial. |
Smith (1985) | Nothing reported. No withdrawals. |
Zoccali (1985) | Four patients were withdrawn, one because the first treatment (Selora salt) precipitated diarrhoea, two because they were unable to tolerate the taste of the K preparation and one because the diastolic BP after the placebo phase had risen to 120 mm Hg. Twelve patients interviewed after the study commented on the unpleasant taste of the K preparation. |
Matlou (1986) | Three patients dropped out, one was admitted to hospital with an intercurrent illness and was given moduretic, and two failed consistently to keep their appointments. |
Grobbee (1987) | Nothing reported. All participants entering the double-blind study completed it. |
Siani (1987) | All patients completed the trial without suffering any adverse effects. |
Barden (1987) | Forty-three women completed the trial, with one withdrawing during the first treatment period. |
Obel (1989) | All 48 patients completed the trial. None developed any notable untoward effect attributable to medication. |
Patki (1990) | Three patients given placebo, four given K, and four given K and Mg reported of pain in the abdomen and nausea, but this passed off and did not require withdrawal of treatment. |
Valdes (1991) | Nothing reported. |
Fotherby (1992) | There were no withdrawals from the study. All patients took at least 90% of the trial medication (…) which was well tolerated with no reported adverse effects. |
Geleijnse (1994) | Complete follow-up was achieved by 97 of the 100 randomised participants. Two of the controls withdrew after 8 and 16 weeks because of admission to hospital for symptoms not related to intervention. One person withdrew in the mineral salt group after 6 weeks because of dislike of the foods. (…) Reports of side effects and lifestyle changes during intervention were minimal and equally distributed among the study groups. |
Kawano (1998) | One patient withdrew due to gastrointestinal symptoms during K supplementation. |
He (2010) | Four patients withdrew from the study (reasons not given). |
Yusuf (2012) | Twenty-seven (10.5%) of those receiving K+ supplements permanently discontinued this (11 for dyspepsia, 4 for elevated creatinine or K+, 12 for other reasons). |
Graham (2014) | The main side effect was that of gastrointestinal irritation. This was reported by four participants, while taking potassium chloride. Symptoms resolved with a reduction in potassium supplementation from 64 mmol/4.8 g (8 tablets) to 48 mmol/3.6 g daily (6 tablets). No participant withdrew from the study as a result of this side effect. |
Gijsbers (2015) | Reported side effects in participants' diaries indicated that 19 persons experienced gastrointestinal symptoms during sodium, 21 during potassium and 8 during placebo supplementation (P=0.004). Other side effects including dizziness, headache, illness, shortness of breath and oedema were not significantly different among the three treatments. |