Comparison of baseline characteristics of SALSA participants by baseline diabetes status
| Variable | Diabetes N=586 (32.9%) | Pre-diabetes N=310 (17.5%) | No diabetes N=881 (49.6%) | p Value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 70.3 (6.9) | 69.8 (6.9) | 71.2 (7.3) | 0.003 |
| Health/behavioural risk factors | ||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 31.0 (6.3) | 31.1 (5.6) | 28.3 (5.4) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Normal: <25 | 68 (12.5) | 26 (8.4) | 216 (28.0) | |
| Overweight: ≥25 and <30 | 209 (38.4) | 114 (36.8) | 305 (39.5) | |
| Obese: ≥30 | 267 (49.1) | 170 (54.8) | 251 (32.5) | |
| Physical activity summary score, mean (SD) | 16.3 (5.4) | 17.6 (5.3) | 17.6 (5.5) | <0.0001 |
| Any alcohol consumption, n (%) | 234 (39.9) | 191 (61.6) | 519 (59.0) | <0.0001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0.05 | |||
| Never smoked | 259 (44.3) | 130 (41.9) | 429 (48.9) | |
| Former smoker | 269 (46.0) | 140 (45.2) | 345 (39.3) | |
| Current smoker | 57 (9.7) | 40 (12.9) | 104 (11.9) | |
| Health insurance (n, % with) | 545 (93.0) | 267 (86.7) | 797 (90.7) | 0.008 |
| Has a regular doctor (n, % with) | 537 (91.8) | 265 (85.5) | 762 (86.9) | 0.004 |
| Individual-level SEP | ||||
| Years of education, mean (SD) | 7.1 (5.4) | 7.6 (5.4) | 7.2 (5.3) | 0.41 |
| Household income, n (%) | 0.51 | |||
| Low (<$1500) | 382 (66.4) | 192 (62.5) | 566 (65.4) | |
| High (≥$1500) | 193 (33.6) | 115 (37.5) | 300 (34.6) | |
| Lifetime occupation, n (%) | 0.59 | |||
| Non–manual | 122 (21.0) | 71 (23.3) | 179 (20.6) | |
| Manual | 346 (59.6) | 172 (56.4) | 536 (61.6) | |
| Housewives/unemployed | 113 (19.5) | 62 (20.3) | 155 (17.8) | |
| Acculturation score, mean (SD) | 22.1 (12.9) | 22.6 (13.2) | 21.5 (12.8) | 0.42 |
| Nativity (Mexican born), n (%) | 262 (44.7) | 153 (49.4) | 491 (55.7) | 0.0002 |
*Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests for continuous variables and χ2 tests for categorical variables.
SALSA, Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging; SEP, socioeconomic position.