Table 3

Effect of treatment (ABC tool) on the total score and subdomains of the PACIC at different points in time, as established with mixed linear regression correcting for age, gender, healthcare setting and smoking status, n=331

	Score in intervention group, mean (SD)	Score in control group, mean (SD)	β*	95% CI
	Score in intervention group, mean (SD)	Score in control group, mean (SD)	β*	Lower	Upper	p Value
Activation
12 months	3.26 (1.26)	2.97 (1.22)	0.15	−0.11	0.41	0.267
18 months	3.45 (1.21)	2.90 (1.24)	0.39	0.14	0.65	0.003
Delivery system design
12 months	3.55 (1.07)	3.26 (1.08)	0.19	−0.04	0.43	0.100
18 months	3.73 (1.03)	3.11 (1.10)	0.52	0.30	0.75	<0.001
Goal setting
12 months	3.21 (1.12)	2.57 (1.00)	0.40	0.18	0.61	<0.001
18 months	3.24 (1.05)	2.53 (0.97)	0.50	0.29	0.71	<0.001
Problem-solving
12 months	3.26 (1.18)	2.88 (1.16)	0.22	0.02	0.46	0.068
18 months	3.29 (1.22)	2.76 (1.14)	0.38	0.14	0.62	0.002
Follow-up/coordination
12 months	2.29 (1.13)	2.05 (0.99)	0.12	−0.07	0.31	0.215
18 months	2.29 (1.09)	2.14 (1.08)	0.04	−0.16	0.23	0.708
Total score
12 months	3.09 (1.00)	2.71 (0.91)	0.20	0.02	0.38	0.032
18 months	3.11 (0.95)	2.62 (0.97)	0.32	0.14	0.50	0.001

*β=mixed linear regression weight for treatment at that point in time. β>0 indicates a higher score in the intervention group. Higher scores or positive change scores indicate a higher perceived quality of care based on the PACIC. Effects in this table are based on the mixed model after deleting the treatment effect at baseline, which was never significant (see the Methods section). Effects before deleting the treatment effect were very similar and agreed with the present table in terms of significance yes/no.
ABC tool, Assessment of Burden of COPD tool; PACIC, Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care.