Ethnic and sex differences in estimated VO2 max (mL O2/min/kg): effect of adjustment for physical activity levels and fat mass index
| Difference in estimated VO2 max (95% CI), p value | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjustments (N=1215) | South Asian–white European | Black African–Caribbean–white European | Girls–Boys | ||||||
| Standard | −0.63 | (−1.36 to 0.11) | 0.09 | 0.80 | (0.14 to 1.46) | 0.02 | −3.05 | (−3.52 to −2.58) | <0.0001 |
| Standard+counts | −0.34 | (−1.05 to 0.37) | 0.35 | 0.60 | (−0.04 to 1.24) | 0.07 | −1.96 | (−2.47 to −1.45) | <0.0001 |
| Standard+CPM | −0.19 | (−0.91 to 0.53) | 0.61 | 0.81 | (0.17 to 1.46) | 0.01 | −2.21 | (−2.71 to −1.71) | <0.0001 |
| Standard+steps | −0.14 | (−0.87 to 0.59) | 0.71 | 1.07 | (0.42 to 1.73) | 0.001 | −2.12 | (−2.64 to −1.60) | <0.0001 |
| Standard+MVPA | −0.22 | (−0.95 to 0.50) | 0.54 | 0.72 | (0.08 to 1.37) | 0.03 | −1.99 | (−2.51 to −1.46) | <0.0001 |
| Standard+FMI | −0.57 | (−1.25 to 0.12) | 0.11 | 0.39 | (−0.24 to 1.01) | 0.22 | −2.61 | (−3.05 to −2.16) | <0.0001 |
| Standard+counts+FMI | −0.36 | (−1.03 to 0.31) | 0.29 | 0.29 | (−0.32 to 0.90) | 0.35 | −1.87 | (−2.36 to −1.39) | <0.0001 |
| Standard+CPM+FMI | −0.26 | (−0.95 to 0.42) | 0.45 | 0.44 | (−0.18 to 1.05) | 0.16 | −2.06 | (−2.54 to −1.59) | <0.0001 |
| Standard+steps+FMI | −0.19 | (−0.88 to 0.49) | 0.58 | 0.63 | (0.01 to 1.24) | 0.05 | −1.92 | (−2.41 to −1.42) | <0.0001 |
| Standard+MVPA+FMI | −0.28 | (−0.96 to 0.40) | 0.42 | 0.37 | (−0.25 to 0.98) | 0.24 | −1.88 | (−2.38 to −1.38) | <0.0001 |
Analysis carried out in a subset of 1215 children with objective measurements of physical activity.
Standard adjustment is for sex, age quartiles, ethnicity, month and school (random effect).CPM, counts per minute; FMI, fat mass index; MVPA, moderate to vigorous physical activity.