Adjusted post-test scores for learning outcome in the problem-based Fundamental Nursing curriculum with ANCOVA analysis
| Dependent variables | Adjusted post-test scores | F | p Value | Effect size (f) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preferred-perceived spaces (PCS) method | |||||
| SENI | PrAPc _PCS (n=62) | 3.39 (0.25) | 6.67 | 0.01 | 0.24 |
| PrDPc _PCS (n=62) | 3.27 (0.25) | ||||
| ANI | PrAPc_PCS (n=62) | 3.70 (0.22)* | 22.15 | <0.01 | 0.43 |
| PrDPc_PCS (n=62) | 3.53 (0.22) | ||||
| Preferred-perceived fit (PCF) method | |||||
| SENI | PrAPc _PCF (n=73) | 3.38 (0.25) | 5.48 | 0.02 | 0.22 |
| PrDPc _PCF (n=51) | 3.26 (0.26) | ||||
| ANI | PrAPc _PCF (n=73) | 3.67 (0.23) | 10.55 | <0.01 | 0.30 |
| PrDPc _PCF (n=51) | 3.54 (0.23) | ||||
*Mean (SD) score on a five-point Likert scale
ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; ANI, Attitudes towards Nursing Inventory; PrAPc _PCF, preferred environment aligned with perceived learning environment by the PCF method; PrAPc _PCS, preferred environment aligned with perceived learning environment by the PCS method; PrDPc _PCF, preferred environment was discordant with perceived learning environment by the PCF method; PrDPc _PCS, preferred environment was discordant with perceived learning environment by the PCS method; SENI, Self-efficacy in nursing Instrument.