Association of baseline alcohol drinking status with severe cognitive impairment after 6 years' follow-up among Korean adults aged ≥45 years
| Baseline alcohol drinking status | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No alcohol drinking | Past alcohol drinking | Non-problematic alcohol drinking | Problematic alcohol drinking | OR for trend | |
| All (N=5157) | (N=2597, n=204) | (N=296, n=24) | (N=2071, n=118) | (N=193, n=15) | |
| Model 1: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.26 (0.93 to 1.72) | 1.02 (0.63 to 1.66) | 1.00 | 1.69+ (0.91 to 3.17) | 0.94 (0.81 to 1.11) |
| Model 2: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.26 (0.93 to 1.72) | 0.98 (0.60 to 1.60) | 1.00 | 1.69 (0.90 to 3.18) | 0.94 (0.81 to 1.11) |
| Model 3: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.27 (0.93 to 1.73) | 0.95 (0.58 to 1.55) | 1.00 | 1.67 (0.89 to 3.14) | 0.94 (0.80 to 1.10) |
| Model 4: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.27 (0.93 to 1.74) | 0.89 (0.55 to 1.45) | 1.00 | 1.60 (0.85 to 3.04) | 0.94 (0.80 to 1.10) |
| Baseline K-MMSE 24–26 (N=1564) | (N=854, n=92) | (N=111, n=13) | (N=546, n=40) | (N=53, n=9) | |
| Model 1: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.14 (0.72 to 1.81) | 1.41 (0.68 to 2.93) | 1.00 | 4.12** (1.65 to 10.32) | 1.09 (0.87 to 1.37) |
| Model 2: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.16 (0.71 to 1.89) | 1.51 (0.72 to 3.17) | 1.00 | 4.43** (1.75 to 11.23) | 1.09 (0.86 to 1.37) |
| Model 3: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.20 (0.73 to 1.98) | 1.37 (0.66 to 2.83) | 1.00 | 4.13** (1.65 to 10.32) | 1.06 (0.84 to 1.35) |
| Model 4: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.21 (0.72 to 2.01) | 1.30 (0.62 to 2.71) | 1.00 | 3.76** (1.46 to 9.67) | 1.05 (0.82 to 1.35) |
| Baseline K-MMSE 27–30 (N=3593) | (N=1743, n=112) | (N=185, n=11) | (N=1525, n=78) | (N=140, n=6) | |
| Model 1: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.34 (0.90 to 2.00) | 0.82 (0.41 to 1.66) | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.37 to 2.31) | 0.87 (0.72 to 1.06) |
| Model 2: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.32 (0.89 to 1.97) | 0.74 (0.37 to 1.51) | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.35 to 2.27) | 0.88 (0.72 to 1.06) |
| Model 3: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.29 (0.87 to 1.92) | 0.74 (0.36 to 1.50) | 1.00 | 0.91 (0.36 to 2.33) | 0.89 (0.73 to 1.08) |
| Model 4: adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.29 (0.87 to 1.92) | 0.69 (0.35 to 1.39) | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.35 to 2.31) | 0.89 (0.73 to 1.08) |
N=number of observations; n=number of cases of cognitive impairment (K-MMSE ≤17 in 2012).
Results of multiple logistic regressions. For Korean adults aged≥45 years with normal baseline cognitive function (K-MMSE≥24), alcohol drinking status at baseline (reference: non-problematic drinking) and development of severe cognitive impairment after 6 years of follow-up (K-MMSE ≤17) were measured from the 2006 survey and the 2012 survey, respectively.
Model 1 adjusted for gender and age at baseline (2006 survey).
Model 2 added marital status, health insurance, income, educational level and living place at baseline based on model 1.
Model 3 added exercise, smoking status and comorbidity at baseline based on model 2.
Model 4 added baseline K-MMSE score, ADL and depression at baseline based on model 3.
***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05, +p<0.1.
K-MMSE, Korean Mini-Mental State Examination.