Association between disclosed conflicts of interest (COI) and other forms of COI (ie, inclusion of primary studies in reviews, researcher allegiance) and spin in review conclusions in all 95 reviews
| Review with spin in conclusion | Review without spin in conclusion | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inclusion of own primary study | 13 | 21 | 2.08 (0.83 to 5.18) |
| No inclusion of own primary study | 14 | 47 | |
| Researcher allegiance | 7 | 8 | 2.63 (0.84 to 8.16) |
| No researcher allegiance | 20 | 60 | |
| COI disclosed | 9 | 16 | 1.63 (0.61 to 4.32) |
| No COI disclosed | 18 | 52 | |
| Inclusion of own primary study, researcher allegiance and/or COI declared | 16 | 31 | 1.74 (0.70 to 4.29) |
| None of the three | 11 | 37 |