Table 1

Baseline sociodemographic characteristics of Korean adults aged 45 years or older according to drinking behaviour

	Overall		No alcohol drinking		Past alcohol drinking		Non-problematic alcohol drinking		Problematic alcohol drinking		p Value
	n		n		n		n		n
	wt%		wt%		wt%		wt%		wt%
All	5157		2597	47.1	296	50.0	2071	43.8	193	4.1
Age (years)
45–54	2128	55.7	1024	43.9	66	3.3	953	48.5	85	4.3	<0.001
55–64	1686	28.6	860	49.3	94	5.7	661	40.7	71	4.3
65+	1343	15.7	713	54.5	136	9.4	457	33.3	37	2.8
Sex
Male	2528	51.2	583	21.3	258	8.2	1511	63.2	176	7.3	<0.001
Female	2629	48.8	2014	74.3	38	1.6	560	23.5	17	0.6
Marital status
Married	4515	88.4	2191	45.5	265	4.9	1876	45.2	183	4.4	<0.001
Unmarried	642	11.6	406	59.7	31	5.1	195	33.3	10	1.9
Education
Elementary school	410	5.8	261	63.9	30	6.8	109	26.7	10	2.6	<0.001
Middle school	1334	21.9	752	55.1	84	5.9	449	34.3	49	4.7
High school	1014	19.8	521	48.2	64	5.9	385	41.7	44	4.3
College+	2399	52.6	1063	41.6	118	4.0	1128	50.5	90	3.9
Household income
1Q	1317	22.5	689	49.3	80	5.1	517	43.3	31	2.4	0.003
2Q	1262	23.3	637	49.1	78	5.6	485	39.9	62	5.3
3Q	1407	28.6	685	44.8	86	5.2	571	45.1	65	4.9
4Q	1171	25.6	586	46.0	52	4.0	498	46.5	35	3.5
Insurance
Medicaid	204	3.9	108	50.6	23	13.1	67	33.5	6	2.8	<0.001
National health insurance	4953	96.1	2489	47.0	273	4.6	2004	44.3	187	4.1
Location
Urban	3965	79.8	2014	47.3	213	4.6	1601	44.3	137	3.8	0.081
Rural	1192	20.2	583	46.6	83	6.3	470	42.1	56	5.0
Physical activity
Yes	2277	43.9	1090	45.0	143	5.4	954	45.3	90	4.4	0.069
No	2880	56.1	1507	48.9	153	4.6	1117	42.7	103	3.8
Ever smoking
No	3525	66.5	2324	63.1	126	3.2	1035	32.5	40	1.3	<0.001
Yes	1632	33.5	273	15.5	170	8.5	1036	66.3	153	9.7
ADL
0	5116	99.3	2574	47.1	291	4.9	2060	43.9	191	4.1	0.111
1+	41	0.7	23	47.9	5	13.6	11	35.6	2	3.0
Comorbidity
0	3026	63.3	1507	46.3	111	3.2	1298	46.4	110	4.1	<0.001
1+	2131	36.7	1090	48.6	185	8.0	773	39.4	83	4.0
Depression (CES-D≥4)
Yes	3940	78.5	1932	45.7	205	4.3	1664	46.1	139	3.9	<0.001
No	1217	21.5	665	52.4	91	7.3	407	35.7	54	4.7

ADL, activities of daily living; CES-D, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.