Type of infection | Definition |
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BSI | Growth of the relevant bacteria in one or more blood culture bottles accompanied by the SIRS within 48 h of blood culture taken time. BSIs can be either primary or secondary to any other source of infection. |
VAP or HAP | Pneumonia fulfilling CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of healthcare-associated infection for pneumonia with specific laboratory findings (PNU2) with modifications to the laboratory criteria.29 Ventilator-associated pneumonia will be defined in persons who had a device to assist or control respiration continuously through a tracheostomy or by endotracheal intubation within the 48 h period before the onset of infection. BAL will not be performed routinely for the purposes of the trial. The specific criteria required for diagnosis of pneumonia will be all of the following:
|
Probable VAP | Pneumonia fulfilling the CDC/NHSN 2013 revised surveillance definition, omitting the criterion of antimicrobial treatment before randomisation and modifying the microbiological criteria:30
|
Urosepsis | Positive urine culture with relevant bacteria ≥105 CFU/mL with pyuria, accompanied by the SIRS within 48 h of taken time and no other explanation for SIRS |
BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; BSI, bloodstream infection; CDC/NHSN, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/ National Healthcare Safety Network; FiO2, fractional inspired oxygen; HAP, healthcare-associated pneumonia; PaO2, arterial oxygen tension; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; PSB, protected specimen brush; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia; WCC, white cell count.