Variable | Baseline | 3 months | 6 months | 9 months |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pain Disability Index (range 0–70)* | ||||
PEPT | 36.08 (11.38) | 22.88 (14.44) | 14.33 (14.37) | 14.49 (14.80) |
CONV | 34.12 (14.59) | 22.92 (15.91) | 18.37 (14.49) | 15.94 (15.34) |
Muscle strength (%)*† | ||||
PEPT | 61.90 (22.96) | 36.80 (27.86) | 27.50 (26.52) | 25.83 (27.39) |
CONV | 67.14 (23.16) | 46.10 (26.16) | 38.25 (27.20) | 32.50 (27.22) |
SF-36 (range 0–100)‡ | ||||
PEPT | 48.17 (15.31) | 60.90 (17.55) | 73.98 (13.63) | 73.30 (17.49) |
CONV | 47.60 (16.85) | 58.35 (20.73) | 66.39 (17.42) | 68.57 (18.90) |
DASH (range 0–100)*§ | ||||
PEPT (n=18) | 57.33 (13.54) | 37.00 (17.70) | 28.79 (19.88) | 28.57 (19.88) |
CONV (n=19) | 58.27 (12.18) | 43.45 (22.91) | 35.59 (21.19) | 27.52 (22.00) |
LLTQ daily activity (range 0–40)‡¶** | ||||
PEPT (n=9) | 17.33 (8.12) | 24.75 (4.80) | 32.84 (5.02) | 36.71 (3.90) |
CONV (n=7) | 15.14 (8.45) | 22.00 (10.53) | 23.70 (11.08) | 25.79 (11.92) |
10MWT (in s)*¶ | ||||
PEPT (n=10) | 35.78 (39.19) | 15.84 (2.23) | 15.33 (4.37) | 16.16 (8.25) |
CONV (n=9) | 62.86 (58.37) | 75.50 (147.29) | 25.22 (16.48) | 20.17 (10.73) |
TUG (in s)*¶ | ||||
PEPT (n=10) | 11.78 (8.51) | 36.03 (94.20) | 6.12 (1.51) | 6.47 (2.87) |
CONV (n=9) | 22.40 (25.04) | 22.40 (37.94) | 9.65 (4.67) | 7.66 (2.62) |
EQ-5D index (maximum 1)‡ | ||||
PEPT | 0.53 (0.26) | 0.63 (0.22) | 0.77 (0.19) | 0.76 (0.20) |
CONV | 0.47 (0.29) | 0.64 (0.26) | 0.67 (0.32) | 0.74 (0.25) |
EQ-5D VAS (range 0–100)‡ | ||||
PEPT | 64.42 (15.71) | 69.88 (18.56) | 74.75 (16.11) | 75.80 (14.27) |
CONV | 61.48 (17.20) | 69.42 (21.22) | 70.96 (20.46) | 75.46 (14.60) |
Data are based on raw data; mean (SD).
*A decrease means improvement.
†Muscle strength (%)=left-right difference, relative to the non-affected side.
‡An increase means improvement.
§Only for participants with upper extremity affected.
¶Only for participants with lower extremity affected.
**Not all participants completed all assessments at all time points.
10MWT, 10-metre walk test; CONV, conventional treatment; DASH, disability of arm, shoulder and hand; EQ-5D, EuroQol-5D; LLTQ, Lower Limb Tasks Questionnaire; PEPT, pain exposure physical therapy; SF-36, Short Form 36; TUG, timed up-and-go test; VAS, visual analogue scale.