Table 2

The risk of hospitalisations for ACSCs associated with depression compared to individuals without depression

	Incidence rate ratio (95% CI)
Outcome	Model 1: adjusted for demographics*	Model 2: adjusted for variables in model 1 and socioeconomic factors†	Model 3: adjusted for variables in model 2 and ACSC-predisposing comorbidity	Model 4: adjusted for variables in model 3 and non-ACSC-predisposing comorbidity‡ and substance abuse disorders	Model 5: adjusted for variables in model 4 and PCP visits in the previous year
Any ACSC	2.35 (2.32 to 2.37)^‡	2.27 (2.25 to 2.29)^‡		1.53 (1.51 to 1.54)^‡	1.45 (1.43 to 1.46)^‡
Type of ACSC
Chronic ACSCs
Angina	2.03 (1.99 to 2.08)^‡	2.00 (1.96 to 2.05)^‡	1.77 (1.73 to 1.81)§^‡	1.52 (1.49 to 1.56)^‡	1.35 (1.32 to 1.38)^‡
COPD/asthma exacerbation	3.17 (3.09 to 3.24)^‡	2.97 (2.90 to 3.04)^‡	1.88 (1.84 to 1.93)¶^‡	1.66 (1.62 to 1.70)^‡	1.61 (1.57 to 1.65)^‡
CHF exacerbation	1.72 (1.67 to 1.76)^‡	1.67 (1.62 to 1.71)^‡	1.22 (1.19 to 1.25)**^‡	1.09 (1.06 to 1.12)^‡	1.06 (1.03 to 1.09)^‡
Diabetes related	2.88 (2.79 to 2.98)^‡	2.66 (2.57 to 2.75)^‡	1.83 (1.77 to 1.89)††^‡	1.86 (1.80 to 1.93)^‡	1.69 (1.63 to 1.75)^‡
HTN	1.52 (1.48 to 1.57)^‡	1.48 (1.44 to 1.53)^‡	1.37 (1.33 to 1.41)‡‡^‡	1.30 (1.26 to 1.34)^‡	1.18 (1.14 to 1.21)^‡
Acute ACSCs
Appendicitis with perforation	1.31 (1.25 to 1.37)^‡	1.31 (1.25 to 1.37)^‡		1.26 (1.21 to 1.33)^‡	1.21 (1.16 to 1.27)^‡
Pneumonia	2.35 (2.33 to 2.38)^‡	2.29 (2.27 to 2.32)^‡		1.55 (1.53 to 1.56)^‡	1.50 (1.48 to 1.52)^‡
UTI	2.38 (2.34 to 2.42)^‡	2.34 (2.31 to 2.38)^‡		1.74 (1.71 to 1.77)^‡	1.63 (1.60 to 1.66)^‡

*Age, sex and calendar period.
†Educational level and marital status.
‡Charlson comorbidity index diagnoses not previously adjusted for.
§Adjusted for myocardial infarction.
¶Adjusted for chronic pulmonary disease.
**Adjusted for CHF.
††Adjusted for diabetes mellitus.
‡‡Adjusted for myocardial infarction, CHF, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease.
‡p<0.001. ACSC, ambulatory care-sensitive condition; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HTN, hypertension; PCP, primary care physician; UTI, urinary tract infection.