Cardiometabolic risk factors for those with ‘healthy’ BMI* according to WHtR 0.5
| Adjusted for age and sex | Adjusted for age, sex and BMI | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WHtR <0.5 (mean with 95% CI) | WHtR ≥0.5 (mean with 95% CI) | Difference in means | p Value | WHtR <0.5 (mean with 95% CI) | WHtR ≥0.5 (mean with 95% CI) | Difference in means | p Value | |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.93 (4.8 to 5.05) | 4.98 (4.79 to 5.17) | 0.052 | 0.665 | 4.97 (4.84 to 5.10) | 4.87 (4.66 to 5.08) | −0.10 | 0.452 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.67 (1.62 to 1.73) | 1.49 (1.40 to 1.57) | −0.181 | 0.001 | 1.67 (1.61 to 1.73) | 1.49 (1.40 to 1.59) | −0.175 | 0.003 |
| Total cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol | 3.05 (2.93 to 3.17) | 3.46 (3.28 to 3.64) | 0.412 | 0.001 | 3.09 (2.97 to 3.21) | 3.37 (3.18 to 3.57) | 0.282 | 0.024 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.99 (0.92 to 1.07) | 1.15 (1.04 to 1.27) | 0.162 | 0.021 | 1.02 (0.94 to 1.09) | 1.09 (0.97 to 1.21) | 0.072 | 0.353 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.84 (2.74 to 2.96) | 3.00 (2.83 to 3.16) | 0.148 | 0.151 | 2.88 (2.77 to 2.99) | 2.91 (2.73 to 3.09) | 0.029 | 0.799 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.50 (5.43 to 5.58) | 5.40 (5.28 to 5.51) | −0.104 | 0.147 | 5.48 (5.40 to 5.55) | 5.46 (5.33 to 5.58) | −0.02 | 0.798 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.02 (4.86 to 5.19) | 4.96 (4.70 to 5.22) | −0.063 | 0.693 | 4.98 (4.81 to 5.15) | 5.07 (4.82 to 4.79) | 0.083 | 0.630 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 121.3 (119.6 to 122.9) | 124.8 (122.2 to 127.3) | 3.5 | 0.03 | 121.3 (119.6 to 123.0) | 124.7 (122.0 to 127.5) | 3.45 | 0.049 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 69.5 (68.2 to 70.7) | 71.2 (69.3 to 73.1) | 1.78 | 0.133 | 69.4 (68.1 to 70.6) | 71.5 (69.4 to 73.5) | 2.09 | 0.105 |
Estimated means were adjusted for age, sex (and BMI) as indicated.
Number of participants (n): for total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides=213 with WHtR <0.5 and 114 with WHtR >0.5; For LDL, n=213/113; HbA1c, n=208/112; glucose, n=206/105 and for SBP and DBP, n=246/119.
p Values in bold signify those which are statistically significant, that is, below 0.05.
*BMI ‘healthy’ range defined as BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2.
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL,high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio.