TableĀ 2

Descriptions of four ways of experiencing and approaching pain among adolescents

Experiences and approaches to pain
ThemesPain is manageablePain is communicablePain is inevitablePain is all over
Family and friends
Duties, involvement of family and friends
  • Have few or no duties at home and dine infrequently together with the family.

  • Do not involve parents during pain.

  • Have full access to OTC analgesics.

  • Pain is an uninteresting topic not to be discussed with friends.

  • Have duties at home and often dine together with the family.

  • Usually do not involve parents during pain.

  • Have limitations in access to OTC analgesics.

  • Pain is a topic to be discussed with friend.

  • Have few duties at home but often dine together with the family.

  • Involve parents during pain.

  • Have full access to OTC analgesics.

  • Pain is a personal experience, rarely discussed with friends.

  • Have many duties at home, dine together with the family and are heavily involved in family difficulties.

  • Mothers are involved during pain and the use of OTC analgesics.

  • Pain experience stays within the family and is not discussed with friends.

Leisure activity
With family or friends
Interact with friends through competitive sport activities.Have frequent social interactions with friends.Have equal interactions with family and friends.Have few out-of-home activities.
Pain description
Location, causes and emotionality
  • Pain frequently appears in extremities.

  • Pain is attributed to specific situations, for example, a sports injury.

  • Are not emotionally affected by pain.

  • Pain located in head and muscles.

  • Pain arises from tension and stress or the pressure of own expectations.

  • Are emotionally affected by pain.

  • Mainly headache without specific causes.

  • Pain is a part of destiny.

  • Are emotionally affected by pain and worrying

  • Pain is global.

  • Pain affects the head, stomach or the muscles without evident external causes.

  • Are emotionally affected, often feel tired, and have depressed moods.

Pain management
Strategy
  • Have a stepwise approach to pain management.

  • Have a variety of strategies used in a systematic way.

  • OTC analgesics are a late choice.

  • Have a stepwise approach to pain management.

  • Choice of strategy depends on what is at hand.

  • Trial-and-error approach.

  • OTC analgesics are one of several approaches.

  • No strategy for pain management.

  • OTC analgesics are used occasionally.

  • Resignation.

Number and genderFour boys and five girls.Five boys and three girls.Two boys and three girls.Three girls.
  • OTC, over-the-counter.