Estimates of prevalence of HPV types by age in prevaccination and postvaccination periods
| HPV type | Prevaccination prevalence (%) 2008 (95% CI) n=2354 | Postvaccination prevalence (%) 2010–2011 (95% CI) n=3602 | Postvaccination prevalence (%) 2012–2013 (95% CI) n=3719 | p-value for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16–18 years | ||||
| (Estimated HPV16/18 vaccination coverage) | (0%) | (60.2%) | (73.4%) | |
| Any high-risk HPV | 32.6 (29.7 to 35.4) | 37.6 (34.5 to 40.7) | 35.4 (32.5 to 38.3) | 0.188 |
| Any non-vaccine high-risk HPV | 24.9 (22.3 to 27.6) | 34.2 (31.1 to 37.2) | 33.2 (30.4 to 36.0) | <0.001 |
| Vaccine HPV types | ||||
| HPV16 and/or 18 | 17.6 (15.3 to 19.9) | 8.5 (6.7 to 10.3) | 4.0 (2.8 to 5.1) | <0.001 |
| HPV16 | 11.9 (10.0 to 13.9) | 6.8 (5.1 to 8.4) | 3.0 (2.0 to 4.0) | <0.001 |
| HPV18 | 7.8 (6.2 to 9.5) | 2.8 (1.7 to 3.8) | 1.1 (0.5 to 1.8) | <0.001 |
| Nonavalent HPV types* | ||||
| HPV31/33/45/52/58 | 14.5 (12.4 to 16.7) | 17.7 (15.2 to 20.1) | 14.9 (12.7 to 17.0) | 0.835 |
| HPV31/33/45 | 8.4 (6.7 to 10.1) | 6.9 (5.2 to 8.5) | 5.8 (4.4 to 7.2) | 0.021 |
| HPV31 | 3.7 (2.6 to 4.9) | 0.5 (0.1 to 1.0) | 1.2 (0.6 to 1.9) | <0.001 |
| HPV33 | 2.4 (1.5 to 3.3) | 3.5 (2.3 to 4.7) | 2.6 (1.7 to 3.6) | 0.739 |
| HPV45 | 2.9 (1.9 to 3.9) | 2.9 (1.8 to 4.0) | 2.2 (1.3 to 3.0) | 0.314 |
| HPV52 | 4.0 (2.8 to 5.2) | 8.6 (6.8 to 10.4) | 6.4 (4.9 to 7.9) | 0.027 |
| HPV58 | 3.7 (2.6 to 4.9) | 4.0 (2.7 to 5.2) | 3.9 (2.7 to 5.0) | 0.875 |
| 19–21 years | ||||
| (Estimated HPV16/18 vaccination coverage) | (0%) | (21.4%) | (41.1%) | |
| Any high-risk HPV | 34.3 (31.0 to 37.6) | 45.9 (43.4 to 48.5) | 44.2 (41.5 to 46.9) | <0.001 |
| Any non-vaccine high-risk HPV | 26.9 (23.8 to 29.9) | 39.1 (36.6 to 41.6) | 40.2 (37.5 to 42.8) | <0.001 |
| Vaccine HPV types | ||||
| HPV16 and/or 18 | 16.9 (14.3 to 19.5) | 14.2 (12.4 to 16.0) | 8.7 (7.2 to 10.2) | <0.001 |
| HPV16 | 12.6 (10.3 to 14.9) | 11.1 (9.5 to 12.7) | 7.5 (6.1 to 8.9) | <0.001 |
| HPV18 | 6.5 (4.8 to 8.2) | 3.8 (2.8 to 4.7) | 1.7 (1.0 to 2.4) | <0.001 |
| Nonavalent HPV types* | ||||
| HPV31/33/45/52/58 | 15.2 (12.7 to 17.7) | 21.2 (19.1 to 23.3) | 20.2 (18.1 to 22.4) | 0.015 |
| HPV31/33/45 | 8.3 (6.4 to 10.2) | 8.7 (7.2 to 10.1) | 8.8 (7.2 to 10.3) | 0.736 |
| HPV31 | 4.7 (3.3 to 6.2) | 2.3 (1.5 to 3.0) | 2.7 (1.8 to 3.5) | 0.019 |
| HPV33 | 2.0 (1.0 to 3.0) | 2.9 (2.0 to 3.7) | 3.4 (2.4 to 4.4) | 0.058 |
| HPV45 | 2.6 (1.5 to 3.7) | 3.7 (2.7 to 4.7) | 3.2 (2.3 to 4.2) | 0.581 |
| HPV52 | 4.1 (2.7 to 5.5) | 10.0 (8.5 to 11.6) | 10.3 (8.7 to 12.0) | <0.001 |
| HPV58 | 5.0 (3.5 to 6.5) | 4.6 (3.6 to 5.7) | 4.0 (2.9 to 5.0) | 0.256 |
| 22–24 years | ||||
| (Estimated HPV16/18 vaccination coverage) | (0%) | (0%) | (1.1%) | |
| Any high-risk HPV | 32.8 (28.7 to 36.9) | 40.4 (37.6 to 43.2) | 42.4 (39.8 to 45.1) | 0.001 |
| Any non-vaccine high-risk HPV | 26.4 (22.6 to 30.3) | 32.0 (29.4 to 34.6) | 33.7 (31.1 to 36.2) | 0.007 |
| Vaccine HPV types | ||||
| HPV16 and/or 18 | 15.3 (12.2 to 18.5) | 16.5 (14.4 to 18.6) | 16.1 (14.2 to 18.1) | 0.790 |
| HPV16 | 10.9 (8.2 to 13.7) | 14.7 (12.7 to 16.7) | 13.6 (11.8 to 15.4) | 0.334 |
| HPV18 | 5.8 (3.7 to 7.8) | 2.7 (1.7 to 3.6) | 3.0 (2.1 to 3.9) | 0.019 |
| Nonavalent HPV types* | ||||
| HPV31/33/45/52/58 | 16.7 (13.4 to 20.0) | 18.4 (16.2 to 20.6) | 21.1 (18.9 to 23.3) | 0.020 |
| HPV31/33/45 | 8.9 (6.4 to 11.4) | 7.9 (6.4 to 9.4) | 10.1 (8.5 to 11.7) | 0.196 |
| HPV31 | 3.2 (1.6 to 4.7) | 2.5 (1.6 to 3.4) | 2.7 (1.9 to 3.6) | 0.770 |
| HPV33 | 2.6 (1.2 to 4.0) | 2.1 (1.3 to 2.9) | 3.5 (2.5 to 4.5) | 0.111 |
| HPV45 | 4.2 (2.4 to 5.9) | 3.6 (2.6 to 4.7) | 4.2 (3.1 to 5.2) | 0.837 |
| HPV52 | 5.2 (3.2 to 7.1) | 8.6 (7.0 to 10.2) | 9.7 (8.1 to 11.2) | 0.005 |
| HPV58 | 3.0 (1.5 to 4.5) | 3.2 (2.2 to 4.1) | 3.4 (2.4 to 4.4) | 0.605 |
*Defined as the additional HPV types included in the nonavalent vaccine (31, 33, 45, 52 and 58).
HPV, human papillomavirus.