RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Antiretroviral therapy for pregnant women living with HIV or hepatitis B: a systematic review and meta-analysis
JF BMJ Open
JO BMJ Open
FD British Medical Journal Publishing Group
SP e019022
DO 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019022
VO 7
IS 9
A1 Reed A Siemieniuk
A1 Farid Foroutan
A1 Reza Mirza
A1 Jinell Mah Ming
A1 Paul E Alexander
A1 Arnav Agarwal
A1 Olufunmilayo Lesi
A1 Arnaud Merglen
A1 Yaping Chang
A1 Yuan Zhang
A1 Hassan Mir
A1 Elliot Hepworth
A1 Yung Lee
A1 Dena Zeraatkar
A1 Gordon H Guyatt
YR 2017
UL http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/9/e019022.abstract
AB Objective To assess the impact of various antiretroviral/antiviral regimens in pregnant women living with HIV or hepatitis B virus (HBV).Design We performed random effects meta-analysis for HIV-related outcomes and network meta-analysis for HBV outcomes, and used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework to assess quality separately for each outcome.Data sources Embase and Medline to February 2017.Eligibility criteria For maternal outcomes, we considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing tenofovir-based regimens with those with alternative nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). For child outcomes, we included RCTs and comparative observational studies of tenofovir-based regimens versus alternative NRTIs regimens or, for HBV, placebo.Results Ten studies (seven RCTs) met the inclusion criteria for maternal and child outcomes, and an additional 33 studies (12 RCTs) met the inclusion criteria for HBV-specific outcomes. The most common comparison was tenofovir and emtricitabine versus zidovudine and lamivudine. There was no apparent difference between tenofovir-based regimens and alternatives in maternal outcomes, including serious laboratory adverse events (low certainty) and serious clinical adverse events (moderate certainty). There was no difference between NRTIs in vertical transmission of HIV: 1 more per 1000, 8 fewer to 10 more, low certainty; or vertical transmission of HBV: 7 fewer per 1000, 10 fewer to 38 more, moderate certainty. We found moderate certainty evidence that tenofovir/emtricitabine increases the risk of stillbirths and early neonatal mortality (51 more per 1000, 11 more to 150 more) and the risk of early premature delivery at <34 weeks (42 more per 1000, 2 more to 127 more).Conclusions Tenofovir/emtricitabine is likely to increase stillbirth/early neonatal death and early premature delivery compared with zidovudine/lamivudine, but certainty is low when they are not coprescribed with lopinavir/ritonavir. Other outcomes are likely similar between antiretrovirals.PROSPERO registration number CRD42017054392.