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Patient-centered processes of care and long-term outcomes of myocardial infarction

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether patients’ experiences with nontechnical aspects of care such as patient education and discharge planning are associated with long-term outcomes.

DESIGN: Observational cohort study.

SETTING: Twenty-three New Hampshire hospitals during 1996 and 1997.

PARTICIPANTS: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients (N=2,272) enrolled prior to discharge.

MEASUREMENTS: Surveys asking about problems with care and health were mailed to patients 1, 3, and 12 months after discharge. Patients were stratified into “worse” or “better” care groups on the basis of their hospital care problem score. Outcomes included self-reported overall health, physical health, mental health, chest pain, and shortness of breath. Other clinical measures were obtained from hospital discharge abstracts.

MAIN RESULTS: The 1-, 3-, and 12-month surveys were returned by 1,346 (59.2%), 1,046 (46%), and 964 (42.4%) enrolled patients, respectively. The primary analytic cohort consisted of the 762 patients who completed both the 1- and 12-month surveys. After adjustment for postdischarge health status and other clinical factors, patients experiencing worse hospital care had lower ratings of overall health (48.4 vs 52.5 on 100-point scale; P=.02) and physical health (59.7 vs 68.4; P<.001), and were more likely to have chest pain (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; confidence interval [CI], 1.0 to 2.4; P=.04) 12 months after their AMI than other patients. However, differences in reports of chest pain were reduced if patients reporting worse hospital care had better experiences with subsequent ambulatory care.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients’ experiences with nontechnical processes of AMI hospital care are associated with long-term outcomes; however the association between a negative hospital experience and subsequent chest pain may be offset by more positive outpatient experiences.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. the Department of Medicine, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif

    Allen M. Fremont MD, PhD

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass

    John Z. Ayanian MD, MPP

  3. Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass

    Paul D. Cleary PhD & John Z. Ayanian MD, MPP

  4. the Center for Studying Health System Change, Washington, DC

    J. Lee Hargraves PhD

  5. the Foundation for Healthy Communities, Concord, NH

    Rachel M. Rowe RN, MS

  6. HBS International, Burlington, Mass

    Nancy B. Jacobson RN

  7. RAND Health, 1700 Main St., P.O. Box 2138, 90407-2138, Santa Monica, CA

    Allen M. Fremont MD, PhD

Authors
  1. Allen M. Fremont MD, PhD
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  2. Paul D. Cleary PhD
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  3. J. Lee Hargraves PhD
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  4. Rachel M. Rowe RN, MS
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  5. Nancy B. Jacobson RN
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  6. John Z. Ayanian MD, MPP
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Allen M. Fremont MD, PhD.

Additional information

Portions of this paper were presented at the annual meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, Boston, Mass, May 5, 2000, and the annual meeting of the Association for Health Services Research, Chicago, Ill, June 28, 1999.

This study was supported by the Foundation for Healthy Communities, a voluntary partnership of hospitals, physicians, home care agencies, and health plans in northern New England.

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Fremont, A.M., Cleary, P.D., Hargraves, J.L. et al. Patient-centered processes of care and long-term outcomes of myocardial infarction. J GEN INTERN MED 16, 800–808 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.10102.x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.10102.x

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