The Tajimi Study Report 2: Prevalence of Primary Angle Closure and Secondary Glaucoma in a Japanese Population

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.05.012

Ophthalmology

Volume 112, Issue 10, October 2005, Pages 1661-1669

Presented in part as a poster at: American Academy of Ophthalmology annual meeting, November, 2003; Anaheim, California.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.05.012 Get rights and content

Purpose

To determine the prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), secondary glaucoma (SG), and all glaucoma in a Japanese population as a part of the Tajimi Study.

Design

Population-based epidemiological survey.

Participants

A random sample of residents 40 years or older from Tajimi, Japan.

Intervention

Each subject underwent a screening program comprising an interview and an ophthalmic examination, including Goldmann applanation tonometry, slit-lamp examination, a van Herick test, fundus photography, and a screening visual field (VF) test using frequency-doubling technology. If glaucoma was suspected, the subject was referred for a definitive examination that included slit-lamp examination, gonioscopy, intraocular pressure measurement, a VF test, and optic disc and fundus examination. A diagnosis of PACG or SG was made based on slit-lamp examination, gonioscopy, optic disc appearance, and perimetric results.

Main Outcome Measures

Prevalences of PACG, SG, and all cases of glaucoma.

Results

Of 3870 eligible people, 3021 (78.1%) participated in the study. Estimated prevalences of PACG and SG in those over 40 years were 0.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4%–0.9%) and 0.5% (95% CI, 0.2%–0.7%), respectively. Prevalences of all glaucoma and glaucoma/suspected glaucoma were estimated to be 5.0% (95% CI, 4.2%–5.8%) and 7.5% (95% CI, 6.5%–8.4%), respectively.

Conclusions

Prevalences were 0.6%, 0.5%, and 5.0%, respectively, for PACG, SG, and all glaucoma in subjects over 40 years from Tajimi, Japan.

Section snippets

Subjects and Methods

The subjects of the present study were identical to those in the first report of the Tajimi Study, which dealt with the prevalence of POAG in this population.²⁴ Thus, the fundamental methodology is identical to that reported previously, and is briefly summarized below.

Results

Among the selected sample of 4000 subjects, 48 died and 82 were not actual residents or had moved from Tajimi City during the screening period. Of the 3870 remaining eligible persons, 3021 participated in the screening examinations, which resulted in a response rate of 78.1%. Response rates were similar in all age groups. There were 1065 subjects referred for a definitive examination after the initial screening examination. Of these 1065, 1051 received a definitive examination, whereas the

Discussion

Epidemiological studies should be performed based on clear definitions of the targeted diseases. Until recently, the nomenclature for PACG and related conditions such as PAC was not well established. In actuality, there was little information about glaucomatous optic nerve damage in many of the classic articles dealing with PACG. For that reason, care must be taken in the interpretation and comparison of the previous literature on PACG. Recently, a new epidemiologic definition clarifying angle

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Tajimi City, the Japanese Ophthalmological Society, and the Japanese Association of Certified Orthoptists for their support and cooperation in this project.

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Manuscript no. 2004-183.

Financial support: Japan National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, Tokyo, Japan, and Japan Ophthalmologists Association, Tokyo, Japan.

No author has any proprietary interest in any products described in the article.

Reprint requests to The Tajimi Study Group, Japan Glaucoma Society, #501 Asai Building, 7-2-4, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.

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Original ArticleThe Tajimi Study Report 2: Prevalence of Primary Angle Closure and Secondary Glaucoma in a Japanese Population

Purpose

Design

Participants

Intervention

Main Outcome Measures

Results

Conclusions

Section snippets

Subjects and Methods

Results

Discussion

Acknowledgments

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology

Am J Ophthalmol

Am J Ophthalmol

Ophthalmology

Am J Ophthalmol

Am J Ophthalmol

Ophthalmology

Global data on blindness

Bull World Health Organ

The global impact of glaucoma

Bull World Health Organ

Glaucoma in Chinahow big is the problem?

Br J Ophthalmol

Glaucoma in Mongolia. A population-based survey in Hövsgöl province, northern Mongolia

Arch Ophthalmol

The prevalence of glaucoma in Chinese residents of Singaporea cross-sectional population survey of the Tanjong Pagar district

Arch Ophthalmol

Prevalence of glaucoma in Ponza, Italya comparison with other studies

Ophthalmic Epidemiol

Acute closed-angle glaucomaan investigation into the effect of delay in treatment

Br J Ophthalmol

Angle closure glaucoma among Canadian Eskimos

Can J Ophthalmol

Angle closure glaucoma among the Alaskan Eskimos

Glaucoma

Intra-ocular pressure, glaucoma, and glaucoma suspects in a defined population

Br J Ophthalmol

An epidemiologic investigation of glaucoma in Beijing City and Shun-yi County [in Chinese]

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi

Comparative incidence of angle-closure glaucoma among different national groups in Victoria, Australia

Br J Ophthalmol

Original Article
The Tajimi Study Report 2: Prevalence of Primary Angle Closure and Secondary Glaucoma in a Japanese Population